Placental Mesenchymal Dysplasia Associated with Severe Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Case Report

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is an uncommon placental lesion, which may mimic molar pregnancy at gross and microscopic examination. PMD can be associated with fetal growth restriction, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, intrauterine death, preterm delivery. Nonetheless, it also a normal appearing fetus.Objective: We aimed to emphasize that clinicians, radiologists, pathologists should aware of as one the etiologies restriction (IUGR).We presented case 27-year-old gravida 1, para 1 woman who was admitted Ayatollah Rouhani hospital, in Babol, Iran, 30 weeks gestation due severe IUGR tachycardia. Ultrasound examination showed uteroplacental insufficiency increased resistive index (RI) umbilical artery. At last, female fetus (1320 g) no definitive anomalies delivered by cesarean section. Pathological revealed cystically dilated stem villi peripherally located thick-walled muscular vessels, stromal fibroblasts overgrowth some villi. None examined sections trophoblastic proliferation or inclusion. The findings confirmed diagnosis PMD.Careful radiological pathological performed for ruling out rare abnormalities, including PMD.